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+====== Aeronautical ground stations ======
+Radio communication between aircraft and ground has been used for various purposes: for communication with the airfield regarding landing and weather information, transmission of reconnaissance results, in combat missions for the management of aircraft in an operational area or for the communication between individual aircraft of a patrol.
+In the first years, radio transmissions were only used to transmit messages from an aircraft (eg. results of an observer mission or informations to direct the own artillery fire "towards the target") to the ground, to the airfield personnel or directly to the troops. For this purpose, after the 1920ies spark radio transmitters were used. Because of the detectors in those years were very sensitive to vibration detectors and signals in the headphones were very quiet, there were no receivers used onboard the early aiscraft.
+If information had to be transmitted from the ground to the pilot, signs from fabric laid on the ground were used to signal to the pilots.
+Beginning in 1930, radio equipment made it's way on board aircraft; in the early days, radio operation was only possible from two-seater aircraft -  the pilot had to fly, thesecond man usually had to act simultaneously as an observer, gunner and radio operator. When in the early days of air traffic the shortwave band was used, direct communication with the ground forces was possible, if receivers with similar frequency coverage were present.
+{{ :images:se-018-flugfunk-tower.jpg?direct&400|Flugfunk: Speaker im Tower}} Shortly after the Second World War, air traffic was assigned its own frequency range due to overcrowding and insufficient reliability on the shortwave bands to both military and civil aviation. The hitherto virtually unused VHF band VHF 100 - 156 MHz was allocated.\\
+New aeronautical ground stations had to be acquired as the already available shortwave equipment did not cover the new frequency range. On some occasions, the technology in newly acquired aircraft made faster progress, then the ground equipment used on the airfields. So in some cases, ground stations had to be improvised from aircraft radios installed with a matching mains power supply in a rack.
+In the mid-sixties, military air traffic was moved into the UHF band in the range 220 - 400 MHz, for which  again new material for the ground stations was necessary.
+In the early days, flight operations were conducted from the command post over shortwaves. A central very powerful shortwave transmitter was also used for air raid alarm messages: [[S-500|Sender Emil]].\\
+After the shift of the ground - air communication into the VHF range, it turned out, that also the communication between the airfields the exchange of messages with the air defense had to be reorganized. The VHF transmitters had only line of sight propagation, so partly remotely controlled [[Bergfunkstation|mountain radio stations]] were set up. These could communicate with each other by radio or microwave links they could be use to forwanrd messages as relays.
+Initially, the aeronautical ground stations were given alphabetic names, such as the C-station or H-station. Later according to the new nomenclature from 1951, designations according to the pattern SE-0xx were given.
+A suffix designates the kind of station when an aircraft station with the same number exists. So a /m stands for "mobile use", /f for "fixed use", for example in a mountain radio station and /t for portable use as a field ground station.
+^ Radio Station ^ SE-xxx - Name ^ Manufacturer ^
+| ** A ** - Station | [[SE-304]] | Lorenz 1.2 kW Station |
+| ** B ** - Station | [[SE-302]] | Lorenz 1.5 kW Station (G1.5K) |
+| ** C ** - Station | [[SE-404]] | Lorenz / Standard Tel. Radio (G1,2K) |
+| ** D ** - Station | [[SE-217]] | Telefunken KL-Station |
+| ** G ** - Station | [[SE-218]] | KL 43 - Station |
+| ** H ** - Station | [[SE-018-m | SE-018]] | US Signal Corps SCR-287 |
+| ** L ** - Station | [[SE-219]] | US Signal Corps SCR-274-N |
+| ** Z ** - Station 38 | [[SE-004-f]] | Telefunken FG IV |
+| ** Z ** - Station | [[SE-405]] | RCA Radio Station KW & 2 x VHF |
+==== Additional nformation ====
+  * [[http://armyradio.ch/radio-d/sendeempf-se0xx-boden.htm|Aeronautical ground stations on www.armyradio.ch]]