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+====== SE-302: G1.5K ======
+**Grosse 1.5 kW Kurzwellen-Funkstation** (High Power 1.5 kW Shortwave Station), **G1,5K** or **B-Station**; developed by [[Lorenz|C.Lorenz AG]].
+The **High Power Shortwave Station G1,5K**, also called "one and a half K" or "grandmother" by the signalmen, was the second high power shortwave wireless station used by the Swiss Army.
+The amplitude-modulated shortwave station with 1.5 kW output power was developed by the [[Lorenz|C. Lorenz AG]]  in Berlin - Tempelhof in around 1935 and was construced in 1937 - 1943 by the [[Standard|Standard Telephon & Radio AG]] in Zurich, the Swiss branch of Lorenz.
+For many years, the G1.5K was the backbone of command radio traffic between general staffs of the field corps and in the Air Force, where the station was known as **B-Station**.
+[[SE-302 Stationsmaterial|SE-302 Station Equipment]]: Review of the station equipment of the different configurations.
+{{ :images:se-302-g15k-stationswagen.jpg?direct&800 |Station trailer G1.5K / SE-302}}
+===== Technical Specifications =====
+  * [[Principle]]: Wireless station consisting of separate [[transmitter]] and [[receiver]]:
+  * [[Sender]]: [[Lorenz|Conrad Lorenz AG]]; [[Frequency Range]]: 1090 - 6700 kHz
+  * [[Receiver]]:
+    * [[Receiver]] Stations 1 - 6 and B-Stations (from 1938): [[Lorenz]] [[E-622|EO 509/I]] ([[E-622]]): [[TRF Receiver]], 15 kHz - 20 MHz
+    * [[Receiver]] Stations from no. 15: [[Zellweger]] [[E41]] ([[E-601]]) (since 1941): [[double conversion]], 100 kHz - 60 MHz
+    * [[Receiver]] Stations 1 - 6 and B stations (after 1945): [[Autophon]] [[E-602|E44 (E-602)]]: [[single conversion]], 100 kHz - 37.5 MHz
+    * [[Receiver]]: [[Autophon]] [[E-627]] (since 1956): [[single conversion]], 1.5 - 32 MHz
+    * [[Receiver]]: [[Siemens]] [[E-645|E311 (E-645)]]: [[double conversion]]
+  * [[Modes]]: [[A1|CW (A1)]] with BFO, [[A2|modulated telegraphy (A2)]], [[A3|AM (A3)]], [[Hell]]
+  * [[Frequency Range]]: transmit-receive operation 1090 - 6700 kHz
+  * [[Sensitivity]]: [[A3|AM (A3)]] / [[selectivity]]: depending on the receiver in use
+  * [[Output Power]]: [[A1]] and [[Hell]] 1500 W, [[A2]] and [[A3|A3 (AM Telephony)]] 500 W
+==== Power Supply ====
+  * [[Generator]]: Single-axle trailer (so-called "machine trailer") with a three-phase generator (380 V, 50 Hz, 15 kVA) powered by a petrol engine 22 hp
+  * [[Mains]]: 380/220 V three-phase current
+==== Dimensions ====
+  * **Station trailer**: 700 x 208 x 320 cm, 6370 kg
+  * **Machine trailer** (with generator): 390 x 177 x 180 cm, 2200 kg
+  * with truck FBW 5 To. Total length 18.4 m
+==== Accessories ====
+{{ :images:se-302-g15k-antenne.jpg?direct&150|}}
+  * **Antenna material**: Typically, the G1,5K / SE-302 was operated on a self-oscillating 25 m telescopic antenna, which was erected on the roof of the station trailer. The antenna mast can also be operated on an isolator antenna base up to 5 m away from the trailer. The car antenna or a long wire antenna can be used as receiving antennas.
+----
+===== Station Equipment =====
+{{ :images:se-302-g15k-bedienraum-old.jpg?direct&400|}} {{ :images:se-302-g15k-bedienraum-new.jpg?direct&400|}} The three-stage **Lorenz transmitter** can be tuned in four frequency ranges using variable capacitors, all circuits are synchronized; the antenna tuning is done by means of variometers.
+The transmitter covers the frequency ranges 1090-1930 / 1930-3430 / 3430-4830 and 4830 - 6700 kHz; the dial accuracy is 1%o, a quartz crystal allows the calibration to 3000 kHz.\\
+The station has a maximum output power of 1500 W in CW telegraphy (A1) and 500 watts in modulated telegraphy and telephony.
+As a **receiver** in the first 14 stations, the battery powered two tuned circuit TRF receiver [[E-622|EO509/I]] built by [[Lorenz|C. Lorenz AG]] is used. Due to insufficient sensitivity especially in the more challenging reception mode [[Hell]], in the stations with numbers above 15, the [[E-601|all-wave receiver "Uster"/E41]] was used.
+In 1956, the station G1,5K saw a major upgrade: with the new station receiver Autophon [[E-627]] and the combination [[TC53|Telecrypto 53]] / [[ETK]], automatic encrypted teleprinter operation was possible. Wireless transmission often suffered from synchronization failures. The replacement of the station receiver by the Siemens E-311 / [[E-645]] did not significantly improve the situation. Only with the introduction of the [[KFF58]] with automatic synchronization, automatic encrypted communication was improved considerably.
+At the time of the introduction of the G1,5K, not only telegraphy or amplitude-modulated telephony were standard operation modes. but also [[Hell]] teleprinting. The [[Hell]] teleprinter, developed by Siemens, transmits plain text as a quasi-facsimile transmission mode.
+The technical requirements of [[Hell]] transmission procedure were high and transmission often suffered from disturbed shortwave propagation. The high demands on the operating signalmen were often not met, as they were civilan and not professionally trained telegraphists.
+Therefore, during the "active service" period in WWII, the [[Hell]] mode was abandoned and changed to automated high speed telegraphy Moser-Baer, as the Morse code knowledge and reading speed of the militia signalmen too often was insufficient. Although high speed telegraphy allowed the messages to be transmitted more quickly, the reading of the Morse code printed on paper tape also required good knowledge of Morse code. Well trained signalmen could read Morse code nearly as fast as it appeared on the paper tape printer. As experienced radio operators achieved resultes at least as good as automated high speed telegraphy, this operation mode was abandoned too.
+The breakthrough was in 1955/56, when the station was equipped with the teleprinter [[ETK]], developed by Dr. Ing. E. Gretener AG. In cooperation with the [[TC53|Telecrypto 53]] even automated encrypted teleprinting was possible.
+However, the synchronization of the decryption too often fell out of sync due to propagation disturbances, so the message had to be retransmitted. An attempt to improve these circumstances was the introduction of the Siemens E-311 shortwave receiver ([[E-645]]), with its superior single-sideband reception performance, with optimum frequency and antenna choice and with well trained station personnel, the situation improved.
+When it became evident, that encrypted communication with the "lightweight" [[SE-222]] / [[KFF-58]] was much more stable due to its outstanding SSB performance and automatic synchroneous operation, this equipment replaced the older high power station in most applications.
+===== Technical Principle =====
+{{ :images:se-302-g15k-sender.jpg?direct&180|Sender G1,5K}} In the **Transmitter** one tube [[de:RS337]] is used in the control circuit, two [[de:RS337]], in the intermediate circuit, two [[de:RS329g]] in the RF final amplifier. Two [[de:RS282]] and three rectifier tubes [[de:RGN2504]] are used in the modulator and keying stage, two [[de:RS282]] ans three [[de:RE084k]] in the (microphone) amplifier stage.
+The technical principle of the various receivers are discussed in the corresponding articles.
+==== Valve Layout ====
+See above.
+----
+==== Development ====
+{{:images:se-302-g15k-a.jpg?direct&300|}} {{:images:se-302-g15k-c.jpg?direct&300|}}\\
+The high power shortwave radio station G1,5K was developed in around 1933/34 by C. Lorenz AG, Berlin. It was manufactured by Standard Telephon & Radio AG in Zurich in 1935/37. A total of 34 (according to Ritter 27) stations were constructed and introduced as **G1,5K** with the signal troops and as **"B station"** with the Air Force.
+Three of the 34 stations were installed in fortresses.
+According to the documentation "radio stations of the army", the G1,5K station was assigned not only the designation **SE-302** but also **SE-305**, the difference between the two designations is still unclear.
+==== Field Use ====
+{{ :images:se-302-b-station.jpg?direct&200|SE-302 resp. B-Station}} The G1,5K / SE-302 remained in service for decades and after several upgrades was only decommissioned in 1970 and replaced by the radio station [[SE-415]]. In the Air Force, the B-station was withdrawn after the transfer of aeronautical communication to the VHF band in 1946.
+{{gallery>:images?se-302*.jpg&0&80x80&lightbox&showtitle&titlesort}}
+===== Technical Instructions =====
+  * {{ :manuals:die-grosse-1-5-kw-funkstation.pdf |Die grosse 1,5 kW Kurzwellen-Funkstation, Regl. 179d}}
+==== Additional Information ====
+  * [[http://armyradio.ch/radio-d/se-302.htm|SE-302 / G1,5K on www.armyradio.ch]]
+  * [[https://www.hamfu.ch/de/geraete/geraet.php?id=35|SE-302 / G1,5K on Hamfu Website]]
+  * [[https://www.radiomuseum.org/r/lorenz_grosse_5_kw_funkstation_g.html|SE-302 / G1,5K on www.radiomuseum.org]]